Unchanged: <em>Galanthus nivalis</em> is a hardy plant, usually found growing in deciduous forests ranging from the Pyrenees in the west to Ukraine in the east (1). The species can be found at heights of 100-1600m, preferring shady, north-facing sloping sites. It seems to grow often in association with beech, oak, hornbeam, elm, ash and lime. The leaf mulch of the trees allows for a fertile soil. Like many snowdrop species, it has a tendency to grow near river basins and spring streams. The water might even support the spread of bulbs. It has a fondness for shade, lending it a tendency to be found on northern slopes. Leaves have applanate verniation, reaching a length of 5-15cm and width of 0,4-1cm at maturity. Flower scapes are around 15-20cms. The flowers exists of whirls of three inner and three outer perianths for normal type <em>nivalis</em>. At the apex of the inner segments an inverted u or v can be found. | Unchanged: <em>Galanthus nivalis</em> is a hardy plant, usually found growing in deciduous forests ranging from the Pyrenees in the west to Ukraine in the east (1). The species can be found at heights of 100-1600m, preferring shady, north-facing sloping sites. It seems to grow often in association with beech, oak, hornbeam, elm, ash and lime. The leaf mulch of the trees allows for a fertile soil. Like many snowdrop species, it has a tendency to grow near river basins and spring streams. The water might even support the spread of bulbs. It has a fondness for shade, lending it a tendency to be found on northern slopes. Leaves have applanate verniation, reaching a length of 5-15cm and width of 0,4-1cm at maturity. Flower scapes are around 15-20cms. The flowers exists of whirls of three inner and three outer perianths for normal type <em>nivalis</em>. At the apex of the inner segments an inverted u or v can be found. |
Unchanged: The populations on the British isles, northern France and the Netherlands are thought to be naturalized, as most snowdrops there are present in sterile, clonal groups. In contrast, <em>nivalis</em> in other parts of Europe, such as Belgium and Germany, can often spread by seed as well. Such as occurring in the scharlockii group of <em>nivalis</em> in the Ardennes. It is unclear if there are pure g. nivalis in Turkey, where most <em>nivalis</em> genes are present in the hybrid cross with <em>G. plicatus</em> called <em>G. x valentinei</em>. Notably, <em>G. nivalis</em> from the southern range (i.e. southern Italy and former Yugoslavia) may have a glaucous central stripe like that of <em>G. reginae-olgae</em>. | Unchanged: The populations on the British isles, northern France and the Netherlands are thought to be naturalized, as most snowdrops there are present in sterile, clonal groups. In contrast, <em>nivalis</em> in other parts of Europe, such as Belgium and Germany, can often spread by seed as well. Such as occurring in the scharlockii group of <em>nivalis</em> in the Ardennes. It is unclear if there are pure g. nivalis in Turkey, where most <em>nivalis</em> genes are present in the hybrid cross with <em>G. plicatus</em> called <em>G. x valentinei</em>. Notably, <em>G. nivalis</em> from the southern range (i.e. southern Italy and former Yugoslavia) may have a glaucous central stripe like that of <em>G. reginae-olgae</em>. |
Unchanged: <table> | Unchanged: <table> |
Unchanged: <tbody> | Unchanged: <tbody> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256"><strong>Nivalis</strong></td> | Unchanged: <td width="256"><strong>Nivalis</strong></td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Average Min</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Average Min</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Average Max</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Average Max</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Bulb length (cm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Bulb length (cm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">2</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">2</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">2,4</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">2,4</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Bulb width (cm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Bulb width (cm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">1,1</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">1,1</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">1,7</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">1,7</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Leaves length (cm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Leaves length (cm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">5</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">5</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Leaves width (cm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Leaves width (cm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">0,4</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">0,4</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">1</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">1</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Flower scape (cm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Flower scape (cm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">7</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">7</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Pedicel (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Pedicel (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">12</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">12</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">30</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">30</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Inner perianth length (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Inner perianth length (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">7</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">7</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">12</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">12</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Inner perianth width (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Inner perianth width (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">4</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">4</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">6</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">6</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Outer perianth length (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Outer perianth length (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">15</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">23</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">23</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Outer perianth width (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Outer perianth width (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">6</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">6</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">11</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">11</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Capsule diameter (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Capsule diameter (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">10</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">10</td> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">16</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">16</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Perianth mark</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Perianth mark</td> |
Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">V- to U-Shape</td> | Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">V- to U-Shape</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Unchanged: <td width="256">Seeds (mm)</td> | Unchanged: <td width="256">Seeds (mm)</td> |
Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">4</td> | Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">4</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: <tr> | Unchanged: <tr> |
Deleted: <td width="256">Average seed numbers</td>
| Added: <td width="256">Average seed numbers (2)</td>
|
Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">6</td> | Unchanged: <td colspan="2" width="512">6</td> |
Unchanged: </tr> | Unchanged: </tr> |
Unchanged: </tbody> | Unchanged: </tbody> |
Unchanged: </table> | Unchanged: </table> |
Unchanged: From (1) unless stated otherwise | Unchanged: From (1) unless stated otherwise |
Unchanged: <ol> | Unchanged: <ol> |
Unchanged: <li><a href="http://citesbulbs.myspecies.info/category/galanthus-wild-species/galanthus-nivalis">Galanthus nivalis</a>. CITES Bulbs.</li> | Unchanged: <li><a href="http://citesbulbs.myspecies.info/category/galanthus-wild-species/galanthus-nivalis">Galanthus nivalis</a>. CITES Bulbs.</li> |
Unchanged: <li>Newton RJ, Hay FR, Ellis RH.Seed development and maturation in early spring-flowering <em>Galanthus nivalis </em>and <em>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</em> continues post-shedding with little evidence of maturation <em>in planta </em><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/&source=gmail&ust=1544205412917000&usg=AFQjCNFZMPd8x3Z7qMAtGPfpjo-sVjsncA">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/</a> Ann Bot 2013 May; 111(5):945-955.</li> | Unchanged: <li>Newton RJ, Hay FR, Ellis RH.Seed development and maturation in early spring-flowering <em>Galanthus nivalis </em>and <em>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</em> continues post-shedding with little evidence of maturation <em>in planta </em><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/&source=gmail&ust=1544205412917000&usg=AFQjCNFZMPd8x3Z7qMAtGPfpjo-sVjsncA">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631335/</a> Ann Bot 2013 May; 111(5):945-955.</li> |
Unchanged: </ol> | Unchanged: </ol> |